In this, he discusses a technical term in Stoic epistemology, the phantasia katalptik, which White renders as 'cognitive presentation.' The translation of both words of this term is. In return, Plato described Diogenes of Sinope as "a Socrates gone mad. To focus on one particular case, Diogenes gives a summary of Stoic logic, along with Stoic ethics and physics, as part of the life of Zeno of Citium in book 7. As Laërtius recounts, Diogenes publicly denounced the works of elder philosophical rivals, including students of Socrates such as Euclides - "bilious," in the words of Diogenes - and even Plato. Proclaiming that "a child has beaten me in plainness of living," Diogenes then discards one of his few possessions, a drinking cup, realizing that true asceticism meant living without one.ĭiogenes also developed a reputation for having a sharp tongue, and he scorned other schools of philosophy as strongly as he embraced his own form of cynicism. This man, so great was his unpopularity at Athens, almost lost his life, as Demetrius of Phalerum states in his Defence of Socrates. Antisthenes calls him a pupil of Anaximenes but he lived in Anaxagorass time. In one famous anecdote recounted by Laërtius, Diogenes witnesses a young child scooping handfuls of drinking water from a fountain. This volume is a revised translation of the complete text of Book Seven about Zeno of Citium and the Stoics, taken from The Lives and Opinions of Eminent Philosophers written around AD 230 by the Graeco-Roman author Diogenes Laertius. The Lives of the Philosophers, by Diogenes Laertius, is the most comprehensive ancient account of the lives of the early Greek philosophers. Diogenes of Apollonia, son of Apollothemis, was a natural philosopher and a most famous man. Diogenes gave away the vast majority of his possessions, keeping only that which was truly necessary. In some accounts, it is reported that Hicesius was imprisoned and died as a result of his son's actions.Īs noted by the Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Diogenes inherited from Antisthenes a lifelong practice of asceticism - namely, he endeavored to live as simply and frugally as possible, even if that meant going against societal convention in the process. The truth of the matter is still debated, however, as Laërtius claims that other chroniclers accused Diogenes himself of the adulteration - presumably, a synonym for forgery. Per Laërtius, Diogenes and his family left Sinope after Hicesius "adulterated" the coinage of the state - i.e., mixed the precious metal of the coins with lower-grade metals, thus devaluing them - that had been entrusted to Hicesius, who was a banker. However, a certain calamity meant that Diogenes, Hicesius, and the rest of Diogenes' family were forced into exile, after which Diogenes gravitated toward Athens, which would become his home and the cradle of his legend. His father, Hicesius, was a banker in the city, and it seems that Diogenes was due to live a privileged life in Sinopean society. According to Diogenes Laërtius, the future philosopher came from a wealthy family in Sinope, a Greek colony and city in what is now modern-day Turkey.
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